In this floating city concept, a flexible, buoyant skirt would accommodate food production, boat docks, wind-breaks, and gathering spaces.

In this concept, residents would grow their own food in daylit farms.

Designers say the cities would be site-specific and responsive to social, political, environmental, and economic aspects of each location.

In this design envisioned for an African city, community spaces are stressed.

This concept shows a possible application in Northern Europe.

This design is aimed at affordable student housing for Denmark.