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Granger

In a 15th-century miniature, a craftsman checks the angle of a block with a set square. In his other hand, he holds a stonecutter’s hammer.

A 15th-century miniature shows the many stages of raising a cathedral.

Dante places Count Ugolino della Gherardesca, a Ghibelline who later allied with the Guelphs, in the deepest circle of Hell among the traitors. He tells Dante how, imprisoned in the Tower of the Muda in Pisa along with his children, he watched them die and implies that he then devoured their bodies. As he speaks, he gnaws the skull of the archbishop who decreed his terrible death.

J.-F. Champollion is portrayed in an 1831 painting by Léon Cogniet the year before his death.

A German engraving from 1620 shows Spanish galleons in the Pacific port of Acapulco. The annual Manilla galleon trade between Philippines and Mexico between 1565 and 1815 marked the first era of truly global trade.